... last ones.

Perfect Modal by Cecilia Garfias

SOME USEFUL AND COMPLETE EXPLANATIONS ABOUT MODAL VERBS

Modals by Ghita Daniel

... and more modal Perfects

Directions: Complete each question or sentence with should have or could have, and a main verb. (10 points)

For example: You ________ ________ __________ (be) more helpful to that elderly woman. (advice)

  * should have = past advice, capability, or responsibility   /   * could have = past possibility

1. I _________ _________ _________ (help) you last weekend if you had asked. (possibility)

2. He _________ ________ ___________ (talk) to the doctor about his stomach pains. (advice)

3. _____________ they _________ ____________(do) all that work already? (possibility)

4. Maria __________ ___________ ____________ (eat) that whole pizza by herself--she was so hungry! (possibility)

5. My students ___________ __________ __________ (finish) their assignment by now. (capability)

6. ____________n't that company __________ ____________ (pay) their employees on time? (responsibility)

7. Why ___________n't you __________ ___________ (meet) my earlier? Now we don't have any time. (possibility)

8. The disaster ____________ never ___________ ________________(happen) . It was preventable. (possibility)

9. President Bush __________ __________ ___________(tell) the American people they needed to make more personal sacrifices once the Iraq War began. (responsibility)

10. You __________ __________ __________(be) able to complete the test within 60 minutes. (capability -- in this sentence, "complete" is the main verb. That means there are seven words in the verb phrase!)

Directions: Complete each sentence or question with would have or should have and a main verb. (10 points)

     * would have = past tense of will    /    * should have = past advice, capability, or responsibility

1. If I had known you were coming, I _________ ___________ ____________ (make) extra cookies.

2. We __________ _________ __________ (fix) the leak in the roof before the storm made it worse.

3. You _________n't _________ __________ (go) into that strange house if it was empty.

4. It __________ _________ __________ (take) longer to get dinner made without your help.

5. Before going to the beach, they _________ __________ __________(check) the weather because it rained.

6. The doctor told her she __________ __________ ___________ (be) on a diet the last few years.

7. The party _________ __________ ____________ (be) more fun if you were there.

8. My friend __________ _________ _________ (make) a lot of money if he had sold his stock in the company earlier.

9. I __________ __________ ____________ (do) anything just to spend a few more hours with you.

10. They really ___________n't ___________ gotten _____________ (marry) so fast.

SOLUTIONS

Directions: Complete each question or sentence with should have or could have, and a main verb. (10 points)

For example: You ________ ________ __________ (be) more helpful to that elderly woman. (advice)

  * should have = past advice, capability, or responsibility   /   * could have = past possibility

1. I could have helped (help) you last weekend if you had asked. (possibility)

2. He should have talked (talk) to the doctor about his stomach pains. (advice)

3. Could they have done (do) all that work already? (possibility)

4. Maria could have eaten (eat) that whole pizza by herself--she was so hungry! (possibility)

5. My students should have finished (finish) their assignment by now. (capability)

6. Shouldn't that company have paid (pay) their employees on time? (responsibility)

7. Why couldn't you have met (meet) my earlier? Now we don't have any time. (possibility)

8. The disaster should never have happened. It was preventable. (possibility)

9. President Bush should have told (tell) the American people they needed to make more personal sacrifices once the Iraq War began. (responsibility)

10. You should have been (be) able to complete the test within 60 minutes. (capability -- in this sentence, "complete" is the main verb. That means there are seven words in the verb phrase!)

Directions: Complete each sentence or question with would have or should have and a main verb. (10 points)

     * would have = past tense of will    /    * should have = past advice, capability, or responsibility

1. If I had known you were coming, I would have made (make) extra cookies.

2. We should have fixed (fix) the leak in the roof before the storm made it worse.

3. You shouldn't have gone (go) into that strange house if it was empty.

4. It would have taken (take) longer to get dinner made without your help.

5. Before going to the beach, they should have checked (check) the weather because it rained.

6. The doctor told her she should have been (be) on a diet the last few years.

7. The party would have been (be) more fun if you were there.

8. My friend would have made (make) a lot of money if he had sold his stock in the company earlier.

9. I would have done (do) anything just to spend a few more hours with you.

10. They really shouldn't have got married (marry) so fast.

More Modal Perfects

Must have, Can't have, or Needn't have Exercises

Must have + past participle: to say that you're sure something was true or happened. eg. It's 10.30 and Mike still isn't at the office. I think he must have overslept. Can't/Couldn't have + past participle:  to say that you're sure something wasn't true or didn't happen. eg. Theresa walked past me without saying a word. She can't have seen me. Needn't have + past participle: to talk about an action which was done but which was unnecessary. eg. You needn't have gone to the supermarket. We've still got plenty of food. Exercise 1. Complete the sentences with must have, can't have, or needn't have, + past participle. 1. Jamie passed his exam with a distinction. He __________ (study) very hard. 2. We found the exam extremely easy. We __________ (study) so hard. 3. Janet failed her exam. She __________ (study) much. 4. We __________ (hurry). We got there far too early. 5. Neil's looking very happy. He __________ (get) the payrise he wanted. 6. Neil's looking very annoyed. He __________ (get) the payrise he wanted. 7. I can't find my book anywhere. I __________ (leave) it on the train. 8. You __________ (make) lunch. We've already eaten. Exercise 2. 1. I think the match __________ (start). Everybody's gone into the stadium and you can hear them cheering. 2. Have you seen the Prime Minister's new house? It __________ (cost) a fortune! 3. Karen __________ (take) the car. The keys are still here. 4. You __________ (water) the garden. It's just started raining! 5. In the end Gary's injury wasn't very serious and the doctor said he could keep on playing football. We __________ (worry) so much. 6. Tina's cake was a disaster. She __________ (follow) the recipe very well. 7. In the end it didn't rain, so I __________ (bring) my brolly*. 8. "I saw Grace this morning at the bank". - "You __________ (do)! She's away on her honeymoon. You __________ (see) someone else." * brolly = umbrella ANSWERS Exercise 1. 1. must have studied 2. needn't have studied 3. can't/couldn't have studied 4. needn't have hurried 5. must have got 6. can't/couldn't have got 7. must have left 8. needn't have made Exercise 2. 1. must have started 2. must have cost 3. can't/couldn't have taken 4. needn't have watered 5. needn't have worried 6. can't/couldn't have followed 7. needn't have taken 8. can't have done; must have seen

Modal Perfects

More rephrasing...

Very esasy rephrasing.
 Look for passive and relative there.

http://4esobliceocastilla.blogspot.com.es/

Some rephrasing

Rewrite these sentences:

1. He introduced me to his students. Most of them were from abroad.
2. BASE jumping is a sport. I want to do it.
3. The stadium can hold 80,000 spectators. It was opened in 2002.
4. This is a story of a man. His wife suddenly loses her memory.
5. I was given this address by a man. I met this man on a train.
6. His girl friend turned out to be an enemy spy. He trusted her absolutely.
7. Tom had been driving all day. He was tired and wanted to stop.
8. In prison they fed us on dry bread. Most of it was mouldy.
9. We slept in the same room as a handcuffed prisoner. His handcuffs rattled every time he moved.
10. Paul wanted to take the mountain road. His tyres were nearly new.
11. We missed the train because we were usetable,(horario caducado), but if…
12. She’s very shy, that’s why she doesn’t enjoy parties, but …
13. He doesn`t take any exercise, that’s why he is so unhealthy, but…
14. We haven’t any matches so we can’t light a fire but…
15. I can’t drive so we can’t take  the car but…
16. I live a long way from the centre; that’s why I am always late for work but …
17. I didn’t work hard at school so I didn’t get a good job when I left. But…
18. They were driving very fast. That’s why the accident was so terrible. But…
19. My number isn’t in the directory so people don’ t ring me up.

CONDITIONAL

Conditional by jesusjaviermartin

SELECTIVIDAD LINKS

http://www.english-area.com/paginas/selectividad.htm#examenes Slightly old but with answers  http://redaccioneseningles-pau-castilla-leon.blogspot.com.es/ Very updated  http://campus.usal.es/~gesacad/web-acceso/Indiceselect.html USAL not solved  http://www.selectividad.tv/ingles.php  Very useful: exercises by cathegories

Reported speech

Passive

Reported and impersonal passive structures from Sandra Àlvarez

Impersonal Passive by jsdfghj

VOCABULARY: TECHNOLOGY.

http://www.dcielts.com/ielts-vocabulary/technology-vocabulary/

http://www.eslflow.com/technologylessonplans.html

To learn vocabulary for your exam...

http://www.ihbristol.com/learn-online/exercise-general.php

 Adjectives for describing people:

Adjective	Spanish	Antonym	Noun	Adverb
absent-minded	despistado	attentive	absent-mindedness	absentmindedly
affable	afable	unfriendly	affability	affably
agreeable	agradable	disagreeable	agreeability	agreeably
ambitious	ambicioso	lazy, unambitious	ambition	ambitiously
approachable	accesible	unapproachable	approachability
annoying	irritante	pleasant	annoying	annoyingly
articulate	elocuente	inarticulate	articulate	articulately
artistic	artístico	unartistic, untalented	art	artistically
attractive	atractivo	unattractive	attractiveness	attractively
biased	parcial	unbiased
bonhomous	cordial		bonhomie
boring	aburrido	exciting, engaging	boredom	boringly
brave	valiente	cowardly	bravery	bravely
cautious, careful	cuidadoso	careless, reckless, incautious	caution, care	cautiously, carefully
careless	descuidado	cautious, careful	carelessness	carelessly
cheerful	alegre	sad	cheerfulness	cheerfully
clever	listo	dumb, stupid, foolish, unclever	cleverness	cleverly
competent	competente	incompetent	competence	competently
conceited	engreído	humble, modest	conceit	conceitedly
considerate	considerado	inconsiderate	consideration	considerately
contented	satisfecho	discontented	contentment
crazy	loco	sane	craziness	crazily
corrupt, corruptive	corrupto	incorrupt	corruption	corruptly
cowardly	cobarde	brave	cowardliness	cowardly
cultured	culto	uncultured
cunning	astuto	maladroit	cunningness	cunningly
crafty	hábil	naive	craftiness	craftily
cruel	cruel	kind	cruelty	cruelly
cynical	cínico	trusting, optimistic	cynicism, cynic	cynically
decisive	decisivo	indecisive	decisiveness	decisively
			degenerate
detestable	detestable	lovable	detestability	detestably
demanding	exigente	undemanding	demander	demandingly
dependable	formal	undependable	dependability	dependably
direct	directo	reserved		directly
disagreeable	desgradable	agreeable	disagreeableness	disagreeably
discreet	discreto	indiscreet	discretion	discretely
discontented	descontento	contented	discontentedness	discontentedly
dishonest	deshonesto	honest	dishonesty	dishonestly
disloyal	desleal	loyal	disloyalty	disloyally
disobedient	desobediente	obedient	disobedience	disobediently
disorganized	desorganizado	organized	disorganization
disrespectful	irrespetuoso	respectful	disrespect	disrespectfully
dumb	tonto	smart	dumbness	dumbly
earnest	concienzudo	half-hearted	earnestness	earnestly
easy-going	tranquilo	tense, excitable
efficient	eficiente	inefficient	efficiency	efficiently
enthusiastic	entusiasta	unenthusiastic, spiritless, passionless	enthusiasm	enthusiastically
even-handed	imparcial	unfair	even-handedness	even-handedly
eccentric	excéntrico	normal	eccentric	eccentrically
excitable	excitable	relaxed, easy-going	excitability	excitably
extroverted	extrovertido	introverted	extrovert, extroversion	extroversive
faithful	fiel	unfaithful	faithfulness	faithfully
fair	justo	unjust, unfair	fairness	fairly
fearful	miedoso	fearless	fearfulness	fearfully
fearless	audaz	fearful	fearlessness	fearlessly
flexible	flexible	inflexible	flexibility	flexibly
forgetful	olvidadizo	attentive	forgetfullness	forgetfully
frank	franco	reserved	frankness	frankly
friendly	amistoso	unfriendly	freindliness
frivolous	frívolo	serious, important	frivolity	frivolously
funny	gracioso	boring	funniness	funnily
generous	generoso	stingy, miserly, ungenerous	generosity	generously
glum	apesadumbrado	happy	glumness	glumly
good-natured	bondadoso	unkind	good-naturedness	good-naturedly
gregarious	sociable	unsociable	gregariousness	gregariously
grumpy	gruñon	easy-going		grumpily
happy	feliz	unhappy	happiness	happily
hard-working	trabajador	negligent	hard-worker
highly-strung	muy excitable	relaxed
helpful	servicial	unhelpful	helpfulness	helpfully
honest	honesto	dishonest	honesty	honestly
hospitable	hospitalario	inhospitable	hospitality
humble	humilde	snobbish, conceited	humilty	humbly
hypocritical	hipócrita	sincere	hypocrite	hypocritically
literate	culto	illiterate	literateness	literately
idiotic	idiota	smart	idiot	idiotically
illiterate	analfabeto	literate	illiterateness	illiterately
imaginative	imaginativo	unimaginative	imagination	imaginatively
immoral	inmoral	moral	immorality	inmorally
immature	inmaduro	mature	immaturity	immaturely
impatient	impaciente	patient	impatience	impatiently
impolite	maleducado	polite	impoliteness	impolitely
inflexible	inflexible	flexible	inflexibility	inflexibly
inhospitable	poco hospitalario	hospitable	inhospitableness	inhospitably
insane	loco	sane	insanity	insanely
insecure	inseguro	self-confident	insecurity	insecurely
insincere	poco sincero	sincere	insincerity	insincerely
intelligent	inteligente	unintelligent, stupid	intelligence	intelligently
interesting	interesante	uninteresting	interest	interestingly
introverted	introvertido	extroverted	introvert, introversion	introversive
kind	amable	unkind, mean, cruel	kindness	kindly
lascivious	lascivo	puritanical, proper, chaste	lasciviousness	lasciviously
lazy	vago	ambiitious	laziness	lazily
lecherous	lascivo	puritanical, proper, chaste	lecherousness	lecherously
likeable	agradable	unlikeable	likeableness
logical	logico	illogical	logic	logically
loud	ruidoso	quiet
loveable	adorable	unloveable
loving	cariñoso	unloving		lovingly
loyal	leal	disloyal	loyalty	loyally
lustful	lujurioso	puritanical, proper, chaste		lustfully
mature	maduro	immature	maturity	maturely
merciful	misericordioso	ruthless, merciless, heartless, unmerciful	mercifulness, mercy	mercifully
merciless	despiadado	merciful	mercilessness, mercy	mercilessly
miserable	miserable	happy	misery
modest	modesto	immodest, conceited	modesty	modestly
naive	inocente	sophisticated, street smart	naivety	naively
narrow-minded	intolerante	open-minded	narrow-mindedness	narrow-mindedly
nervous	nervioso	calm, relaxed	nervousness	nervously
obedient	obediente	disobedient	obedience	obediently
obnoxious	detestable	inoffensive		obnoxioulsy
open-minded	de aptitud abierta	narrow-minded	open-mindedness	open-mindedly
optimistic	optimista	pessimistic	optimist, optimism	optimistically
organized	organizado	disorganized	organization
out-going	extrovertido	introverted
outspoken	directo	reserved	outspokenness	outspokenly
passionate	apasionado	impassionate, dull	passion	passionately
pathetic	patetico	cheerful		pathetically
patient	paciente	impatient	patience	patiently
pessimistic	pesimista	optimistic	pessimism	pessimistically
petty	mezquino		pettiness	pettily
pleasant	agradable	unpleasant		pleasantly
polite	educado	impolite		politely
practical	practico	impractical	practicality	practically
prejudiced	lleno de prejuicios	unprejudiced, tolerant	prejudice	prejudicedly
quiet	silencioso	loud
reckless	imprudente	cautious, careful	carelessness	carelessly
radical	radical	normal
relaxed	relajado	unrelaxed, nervous	relaxation
reserved	reservado	unreserved	reservation
respectful	respetuoso	disrespectful	respect	respectfully
reliable	fiable	unreliable	reliability	reliably
remorseful	arrepentido	unremorseful
repentant	arrepentido	unrepentant
resourceful	con recursos	unresourceful	resourcefulness	resourcefully
rude (crude)	grosero	courteous	rudeness	rudely
ruthless	despiadado	merciful	ruthlessness	ruthlessly
sane	cuerdo	insane	sanity	sanely
sarcastic	sarcástico	unsarcastic	sarcasm	sarcastically
			scoundrel
self-confident	seguro de sí mismo	insecure	self-confidence
self-destructive	autodestructivo	safe
sensible	sensato	impractical, insensible	sensibility	sensibly
sensitive	sensible	insensitive	sensitivity	sensitively
serious	serio	silly, umimportant	seriousness	seriously
shallow	superficial	deep, profound
shameless	desvergonzado	shameful	shamelessness	shamelessly
shy	timido	outgoing, extroverted	shyness	shyly
silly	tonto	serious	silliness
sincere	sincero	insincere	sincerity	sincerely
smart	listo	dumb
sociable	sociable	unsociable	sociability	sociably
snobbish, snobby	snob	humble, modest	snobbishness	snobbily
spontaneous	espontáneo	rigid, wooden	spontaneity	spontaneously
stingy	tacaño	generous	stinginess	stingily
strong	fuerte	weak	strength	strongly
stubborn	terco	meek	stubbornness	stubbornly
stuck-up	creído	humble, modest
stupid	estúpido	smart, clever, intelligent	stupidity	stupidly
surly	hosco	courteous	surliness
temperamental	temperamental	unemotional		temperamentally
timid	tímido	outgoing, extroverted	timidity	timidly
tactful	con tacto	tactless	tact	tactfully
thoughtful	considerado	thoughtless		thoughfully
tolerant	tolerante	intolerant	tolarance	tolerantly
trustworthy	digno de confianza	untrustworthy	trustworthiness
two-faced	hipócrita	sincere
unambitious	sin ambición	ambitious		unambitiously
unapproachable	inaccesible	approachable
unartistic		artistic		unartistically
unattractive		attractive
unbiased		biased
uncultured		cultured
undemanding		demanding
undependable		dependable		undependably
unenthusiastic		enthusiastic		unenthusiastically
unfair		fair		unfairly
unfaithful		faithful	unfaithfulness	unfaithfully
unfriendly		friendly
unhappy		happy		unhappily
unhelpful		helpful		unhelpfully
unimaginative		imaginative		unimaginatively
umimportant		serious		unimportantly
unintelligent		intelligent		unintelligently
uninteresting		interesting	interest	uninterestingly
unkind		kind		unkindly
unloveable		loveable
unloving		loving		lovingly
unmerciful		merciful	unmercifulness	unmercifully
unpleasant		pleasant		unpleasantly
unprejudiced		prejudiced
unprincipled		principled
unrelaxed		relaxed
unresourceful		resourceful		unresourcefully
unreliable		reliable		unreliably
unremorseful
unrepentant
unreserved		reserved
unscrupulous				unscrupulously
unsociable		gregarious		unsociably
unsophisticated		street smart		unsophisticatedly
untalented		talented	talent	untalentedly
untrustworthy		trustworthy	untrustworthiness
virtuous	virtuoso	wicked		virtuously
weak	débil	strong	weakness	weakly
wicked	malvado	virtuous		wickedly

LOVE VOCABULARY

Love vocabulary 1, 2, 3,4 and 5

Reported Speech

http://www.youtube.com/v/RHmMzCicqiY&hl

IVOZI Linguamail 
10 different ways to say “Hello” 
Hello, how are you? British, formal. Street credibility... 1%
Hey? US, semi formal. (One word but suggestive both of hello and how are you?) Street credibility... 40% How’s it hanging? California, informal. (Literalmente – ¿como esta colgando?) Street credibility… 50%
The sullen nod US, informal (hip-hop culture). (Not spoken, just a moody looking nod of the head to acknowledge the other person.) Street credibility... 70%
How ya doin? US, informal. Street credibility… 50%
How’s it going? British, informal. Street credibility… 50%
Sup? US, informal. Street credibility (A dramatic shortening of the 90’s favourite “Wassup?” (“What’s Up?”) Street credibility… 70%
Alright mate? British, informal. Street credibility ... 70%
Howdie US (cowboy culture), informal. Street credibility... 1%
G’day Australia, semi-formal/formal. Street credibility... 50%
Taken from http://www.ivozi.com

Mooore Reported Speech, even with answers so that you can control your progress....

Reported Speech With Key

Reported Speech: homework

Some homework... interesting if you print it. Download it first and work hard... Reported Speech 2bach

Your Blog to learn some English...

Welcome to this blog. This is the place where you could follow different news about your lessons and classes, homework and projects. Follow this from time to time, if not...
This is a good way to know what you have to do and what you are going to be asked for...
Good luck and have a nice year.